All Health Guides
31 evidence-based guides — written and reviewed by Dr. Tino Katsande
Sleep Apnoea — The Condition Hiding Behind Snoring, Fatigue, and High Blood Pressure
Obstructive sleep apnoea affects an estimated 1.5 million people in the UK, most undiagnosed. It causes fatigue, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes — yet is completely treatable. Here is the guide that gets you diagnosed.
Diabetes and Your Feet — The Complication That Takes Limbs and How to Prevent It
Diabetic foot disease is the leading cause of non-traumatic lower limb amputation in the UK. Most amputations are preventable with proper foot care and early intervention. Here is everything people with diabetes need to know.
Chronic Pain — Why It's Different From Acute Pain and What Actually Helps
Chronic pain affects one in four UK adults. It is one of the most misunderstood and most undertreated conditions in medicine. Here is what pain science actually says — and why the treatments most people expect are often the wrong ones.
Mental Health Medication — What Antidepressants and Antipsychotics Actually Do (And Don't Do)
Most people prescribed mental health medication have significant misunderstandings about how it works. Here is the honest, plain-English guide — what these drugs actually do, the side effects nobody warns you about, and when they genuinely help.
Heart Disease — The Warning Signs, the Risk Factors, and How to Cut Your Risk in Half
Heart disease kills more people in the UK than any other condition. Black adults face a significantly higher risk. Here is what actually causes it, the symptoms people ignore, and the evidence-based steps that genuinely reduce your risk.
Healthy Eating for the African Diaspora — What the Evidence Actually Says
Traditional African foods are not the problem. Portions, preparation, and what surrounds them are. Here is the evidence-based nutrition guide written specifically for African and Black communities in the UK.
Iron Deficiency Anaemia — Why It's So Common in African Women and How to Actually Fix It
Iron deficiency anaemia is the most common nutritional deficiency worldwide, and African women are disproportionately affected. Many spend years managing symptoms they think are normal. Here is the full guide — including the ferritin test your GP might be missing.
Menopause — What African Women Need to Know (And Why So Many Are Going Through It Alone)
Menopause is still a taboo subject in many African families. Black women are more likely to experience earlier onset, more severe vasomotor symptoms, and less likely to receive HRT. Here is the guide that fills the gap.
Back Pain — What the Evidence Actually Says (And Why Most People Are Being Treated Wrong)
Back pain affects most people at some point. Most of the common treatments are either ineffective or actively counterproductive. Here is what the evidence actually says.
ADHD in Adults — The Diagnosis Most African Adults Never Got as Children
ADHD was dramatically underdiagnosed in African children, particularly girls. Many adults are now discovering — in their 30s and 40s — that their 'character flaws' have a neurological explanation. Here is what adult ADHD actually looks like.
Obesity — Beyond Willpower: The Biology, the Weight Loss Drugs, and What Actually Works
Obesity is not a character flaw or a failure of willpower. It is a complex chronic disease driven by biology, environment, and genetics. Here is what the evidence actually says — including the GLP-1 drugs that are changing the picture.
Grief — What It Actually Does to Your Body and Mind (And When to Get Help)
Grief is not just an emotion. It is a full-body physiological experience that affects your heart, immune system, sleep, and brain. Here is what the science of grief actually shows — and how to know when normal grief has become something that needs support.
Endometriosis — The Condition That Takes 8 Years to Diagnose, Longer if You're Black
Endometriosis affects 1 in 10 women and takes an average of 8 years to diagnose. For Black women, that wait is even longer — driven by pain being dismissed, symptoms normalised, and a persistent myth that the condition is rare in Black patients. It is not.
Stroke — Recognising It, Surviving It, and the Disparity Nobody Talks About
Black adults are twice as likely to have a stroke as white adults, and more likely to have one younger. Here is how to recognise a stroke, what happens in those critical first hours, and what life after stroke actually looks like.
Vitamin D Deficiency — Why Almost Every African in the UK Is Deficient and What to Do About It
The biology of melanin combined with UK sunlight means that dark-skinned people living in Britain are almost universally vitamin D deficient. This matters more than most people realise — and the fix is cheap and simple.
Kidney Disease — The Silent Condition Affecting Black Patients at Three Times the Rate
Chronic kidney disease affects Black adults at three times the rate of white adults, yet 90% of people with early CKD have no symptoms at all. Here is what you need to know — and why a routine blood test could be the most important thing you do this year.
Type 1 Diabetes — The Complete Guide for Patients and Families
Type 1 diabetes is not caused by diet or lifestyle. It is an autoimmune condition that can develop at any age. Here is what it is, how it is managed in 2025, and what life with well-controlled type 1 diabetes actually looks like.
Burnout — When Tiredness Becomes Something More Serious
Burnout is not laziness, weakness, or a need for a holiday. It is a state of chronic stress that has reached a point of physical and emotional depletion. Here is how to recognise it, what it does to your body, and what actually helps.
Insomnia and Sleep Problems — What Actually Works (and What Doesn't)
One in three adults in the UK has significant sleep problems. Most people reach for sleeping pills that create dependency without fixing the underlying issue. Here is what the evidence actually says about treating insomnia properly.
High Cholesterol — What It Actually Means and Why Most People Get It Wrong
High cholesterol is one of the most common diagnoses in primary care and one of the most misunderstood. Here is what the numbers actually mean, what causes them, and what the evidence says about treatment.
Fibroids — What African and Black Women Need to Know
Black and African women are 2–3 times more likely to develop fibroids, develop them younger, and have more severe symptoms. Yet many suffer for years before getting a diagnosis. Here is the complete guide.
Headaches — When to Worry and When to Wait
Most headaches are not dangerous. But some are. Here is the clinical guide to telling the difference — the red flags that mean go to A&E now, and the features that mean it is almost certainly tension headache or migraine.
Understanding Your Blood Test Results — What All Those Numbers Actually Mean
Your GP ordered blood tests and the results are back. The numbers are meaningless without context. Here is a plain-English guide to the most common blood tests — what they measure and what the results actually mean.
Mental Health During and After Pregnancy — What Nobody Tells African Women
Perinatal mental health problems affect 1 in 5 women. Black and African women are at higher risk, less likely to be screened, and less likely to receive appropriate treatment. This guide is about changing that.
Chest Pain — When to Go to A&E and When to Wait
Chest pain is one of the most common reasons people present to A&E. Most causes are not life-threatening — but some are. Here is how to tell the difference.
PCOS Explained — Symptoms, Diagnosis, and What Actually Helps
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome affects 1 in 10 women and is among the most common reasons for irregular periods and fertility problems. Yet many women go years without a correct diagnosis. Here is everything you need to know.
Depression in African and Black Men — Breaking the Silence That Is Killing People
Black men are significantly less likely to seek help for depression and significantly more likely to present in crisis. This is a guide to what depression actually looks like in men — and why getting help is strength, not weakness.
Sickle Cell Disease — A Plain-English Guide for Patients and Families
Sickle cell disease affects over 15,000 people in the UK, predominantly those of African and Caribbean origin. Here is what it actually is, how it is managed, and what every carrier needs to know.
Anxiety — What It Actually Is, Why It Happens, and What Actually Helps
Anxiety is not weakness, overthinking, or something to just push through. It is a physiological response with specific causes and specific treatments. Here is the honest clinical picture.
Type 2 Diabetes in African Communities — The Facts, the Risks, and the Things You Can Actually Control
People of African origin are 2–4 times more likely to develop type 2 diabetes than white Europeans. But the condition is far more manageable than most people think. Here's the honest guide.
High Blood Pressure in African and Black Patients — Why It's Different and What to Do About It
Black and African patients develop hypertension earlier, more severely, and with different responses to medication than other groups. Here's what the evidence says — and what your doctor may not have had time to explain.